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**Gallstones** are solid particles that form in the gallbladder, usually made of cholesterol or bile pigments. Causes include excess cholesterol, bile pigment, or improper gallbladder emptying. Risk factors include obesity, pregnancy, age, and family history. Symptoms include severe pain in the upper right abdomen, especially after fatty meals, nausea, vomiting, jaundice (yellow skin/eyes), and indigestion. Treatment depends on symptoms and may involve observation if asymptomatic. Medications can dissolve cholesterol-based stones, but surgery (cholecystectomy) is often needed to remove the gallbladder. Gallstones can lead to complications, so early medical attention is essential for proper management.