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An anal fissure is a small tear in the skin around the anus, often caused by passing large or hard stools. It leads to pain, burning, and sharp discomfort during or after bowel movements, along with bright red bleeding. The fissure can also cause itching or irritation around the anus. Common causes include constipation, diarrhea, childbirth, anal intercourse, and conditions like Crohn's disease. Treatment includes increasing fiber intake, taking sitz baths, using topical medications like hydrocortisone or numbing creams, and using stool softeners. In severe cases, surgery may be needed. Most anal fissures heal with proper care and attention.